(1) Keep a small gap (called the machining gap) between the workpiece anode and the tool cathode (mostly forming tool cathodes), generally in the range of 0.1-1mm.
(2) Electrolyte continuously flows through the machining gap at a high speed (6-30m/s) to ensure that the anode dissolved products and the heat generated when the electrolysis current passes through the electrolyte are taken away and depolarized.
(3) The anode of the workpiece and the cathode of the tool are respectively connected to the electrolysis power supply (generally 10-24V). Under the above two process conditions, the current density through the two-pole machining gap is very high, as high as 10-100A/cm2.
Deburring machining is a special type of workpiece processing that uses the principle of electrochemical anodic dissolution of metal in electrolyte.
Deburring machine processing method
During processing, the workpiece is connected to the positive electrode of the electrolysis power source, and the tool is connected to the negative electrode, keeping a small gap between the two poles. The electrolyte flows through the gap between the electrodes, forming a conductive path between the two electrodes, and generating current under the power supply voltage, thereby forming an electrochemical anode dissolution. The metal of the workpiece is continuously electrolyzed, and the electrolytic product is continuously washed away by the electrolyte, and finally chamfering and deburring are realized at the intersection or edge. It is suitable for removing burrs from high-hardness and high-toughness metal parts, and can be limited processing on specific parts of the workpiece.
Deburring machine processing has the following characteristics:
(1) Wide processing range. Deburring machine processing can process almost all conductive materials, and is not restricted by the strength, hardness, toughness and other mechanical and physical properties of the material. The metallographic structure of the material after processing basically does not change. It can be widely used in pneumatic, hydraulic valves, pump bodies, rotors, gears and internal cross holes, slits, narrow grooves and other metal burrs generated by metal cutting of the entire metal mechanical parts, and the deburring edges are smoothed, Finishing processing is smooth arc,
(2) No loss of tool cathode. During the electrochemical machining process, only hydrogen is deposited on the cathode of the tool, and no dissolution reaction occurs, so there is no loss. Only when abnormal phenomena such as sparks and short circuits occur will the cathode be damaged.
(3) High production efficiency, each processing cycle only needs 2 to 3 minutes. The electrolytic deburring time is generally between 10 seconds and 30 seconds. Most workpieces use multiple electrode tip tooling to achieve higher work efficiency.
(4) The original dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the workpiece will not be damaged after the deburring machine is processed. Deburring is done selectively. It is suitable for hard-to-remove internal burrs, heat-treated and finished parts.
(5) There is no contact between the tool and the workpiece during the deburring machining process, there is no mechanical cutting force, no residual stress and deformation, and small rounded corners can be formed at the intersection or edges.